Old civilization

When we talk about old civilizations , Indus valley civilization always strikes our mind. It is considered as one of the oldest civilization...

When we talk about old civilizations , Indus valley civilization always strikes our mind. It is considered as one of the oldest civilization of the world dating back to 3000 to 3500 BC.

But recent research of carbon dating records of animals and pottery suggest that it's much more older then initially assumed.

The civilisation has many names.

Indus saraswati civilization was given because of Indus river and saraswati river. It's also called Harappa and Mohenjo-daro civilization because it was found in the Harappa and Mohenjo-daro village of Pakistan. But as a whole it's commonly known as just Indus valley civilization.

The traces of this civilization was first discovered in 1920 in Harappa(now in Pakistan) by archeologists Daya ram sahni , M.S Vats , Mortimer wheeler , R.D Banarjee , John Marshall , Alexander Cunningham and others.

It was a bronze age civilization in the north western region of the Indian subcontinent(The famous dancing girl of Mohenjo-daro is the best example).

The cities were divided into upper and lower parts.

In the lower part , people lived and carried out the professional work. And the upper part was a kind of a raised platform called citadel.

It included public buildings, green ways , and more important workshops and religious buildings. It also provided protection during battles and floods by serving as a ground for the refugees. Citadel also had granery where grains were stored. It also had swimming pool having hot water which was supplied by a large well nearby. These structures helped us to imagine their engineering capabilities.

Houses and street:

Lower city was properly planned. The streets ran at right angles to each other. Main Street was about 10m wide having houses on both sides. Most of the houses were two-storey and were having thick walls made up of bricks. It was also plastered and coloured with flat roofs and wooden doors and windows just like our modern day houses.

And the drainage system of the houses was most remarkable. Bathrooms were attached to the side of the house with drains connected to the street drain throughout the city.

Some rich people had their own well some had dogs and goats. Clothing machines were also found like cotton weaving and yarn spinning at home.

They also had ornaments like amulets for men and bracelet and necklace for women made with beads of shell and gold and silver.

They also worshipped god and goddess and many statues and carvings had been found . Weight measures were also found with accurate grading. All these discoveries definitely fascinate us and help us imagine the life styles of our ancestors.